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Geography of India: GK questions and answers

From the Himalayas to Kanyakumari and from the Thar to the Sundarbans, India has almost every kind of landform. These questions cover the basic facts about its states, rivers, mountains and coasts.

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Ten questions picked at random from this topic, four choices each. Or go through every question as flash cards.

20 questions on geography of India

  1. Which is the largest state of India by area? Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh was the largest until Chhattisgarh was carved out of it in 2000.
  2. Which is the smallest state of India by area? Goa Goa is the smallest by area. Sikkim has the smallest population.
  3. Which Indian state has the largest population? Uttar Pradesh This is as per the Census of 2011, the latest completed census.
  4. Which river is called the Ganga of the South (Dakshin Ganga)? Godavari The Godavari is the longest river of peninsular India.
  5. Which is the longest river that flows within India? Ganga The Ganga rises in the Himalayas in Uttarakhand and flows about 2,500 km to the Bay of Bengal.
  6. In which state is the Thar Desert mainly found? Rajasthan It is also called the Great Indian Desert.
  7. Which is the southernmost point of the Indian mainland? Kanyakumari Indira Point in the Nicobar Islands is the southernmost point of India as a whole.
  8. The Sundarbans mangrove forest lies in the delta of which rivers? Ganga and Brahmaputra It is home to the Royal Bengal tiger.
  9. By what name is the Brahmaputra known in Tibet? Tsangpo It enters India in Arunachal Pradesh, where it is called the Siang or Dihang.
  10. Which two major rivers of peninsular India flow west into the Arabian Sea? Narmada and Tapi Most peninsular rivers flow east into the Bay of Bengal.
  11. Majuli, a large river island, lies in which river? Brahmaputra Majuli is in Assam.
  12. Chilika, a large brackish water lagoon, is in which state? Odisha It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and a winter home for migratory birds.
  13. Which line of latitude passes through the middle of India? Tropic of Cancer It passes through eight Indian states.
  14. Which sea lies to the west of India? Arabian Sea The Bay of Bengal lies to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south.
  15. Which mountain range runs along the western coast of India? Western Ghats They are also called the Sahyadri in Maharashtra.
  16. Which is one of the oldest mountain ranges of India, running across Rajasthan? Aravalli Range Its highest peak is Guru Shikhar, at Mount Abu.
  17. The Lakshadweep islands lie in which sea? Arabian Sea They are coral islands.
  18. Which state is known as the "Land of Five Rivers"? Punjab The name Punjab comes from "panj" (five) and "ab" (water).
  19. Jog Falls, one of India's best-known waterfalls, is in which state? Karnataka It is on the Sharavathi river.
  20. On which river is the Bhakra Nangal Dam built? Sutlej The dam is in Himachal Pradesh. Its reservoir is called Gobind Sagar.

These are well-established facts, written in our own words and last checked on 11 November 2026. If your textbook says something different, follow your textbook and tell us.

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