SpaceOrbits are not perfect circles
Every planet is sometimes nearer the Sun and sometimes farther. The nearest point is called perihelion and the farthest aphelion. For Earth the difference is small: 147.1 million km against 152.1 million km. Mercury swings much more, from 46 to 69.8 million km. Pluto's path is so stretched, from 4,436.8 to 7,375.9 million km, that at its closest it comes nearer the Sun than Neptune's average distance of 4,515 million km.
The astronomical unit
Earth's average distance from the Sun, 149.6 million km, is so handy a yardstick that astronomers call it 1 astronomical unit. The "Earth = 1" column gives each distance in that unit. Jupiter is about 5.2 units out, and Neptune about 30.
Light time
Light is the fastest thing there is: 299,792.458 km every second. Even so, sunlight needs 8.3 minutes to reach Earth, 43 minutes to reach Jupiter and 4.2 hours to reach Neptune. A radio message between Earth and a spacecraft travels at the same speed, which is why controllers on Earth cannot steer a distant spacecraft moment by moment.
To feel the distances
Suppose a car could drive to the Sun without stopping at 100 km an hour. From Earth the trip would take about 171 years. From Neptune it would take over 5,100 years. These are sums from the fact sheet distances, not real journeys.
The Moon, for comparison
The Moon is on average 384,000 km from Earth, which light crosses in about 1.3 seconds. The Sun is about 390 times as far away as the Moon.