Table of 5

How to say the table of 5

Five one is 5, five twos are 10, five threes are 15, five fours are 20, five fives are 25, five sixes are 30, five sevens are 35, five eights are 40, five nines are 45, five tens are 50.

In Hindi

पाँच एकम पाँच, पाँच दूनी दस, पाँच तिया पंद्रह, पाँच चौके बीस, पाँच पंजे पच्चीस, पाँच छक्के तीस, पाँच सत्ते पैंतीस, पाँच अट्ठे चालीस, पाँच नवें पैंतालीस, पाँच दहाई पचास।

This is the traditional chant used in Hindi-medium schools. The words for the multiplier (एकम, दूनी, तिया and so on) vary a little from region to region. All the pahade from 2 to 20 are on the Hindi pahade page.

A quick way to work it out

Take ten times the number and halve it. For 5 × 8, ten eights are 80 and half of 80 is 40. For 5 × 7, half of 70 is 35. Every answer ends in 5 or 0: it ends in 0 when you multiply an even number and in 5 when you multiply an odd one.

Patterns in the table of 5

• Last digit. The answers end in 5, 0, 5, 0 and so on. Multiplying 5 by an odd number gives an answer ending in 5, and by an even number an answer ending in 0.
• Odd and even. 5 is odd, so the answers go odd, even, odd, even: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30. An odd number times an odd number is odd, and times an even number is even.
• Digit totals. Add the digits of each answer until one digit is left. For the first nine answers you get 5, 1, 6, 2, 7, 3, 8, 4 and 9: every digit from 1 to 9, once each. This happens for every number that is not a multiple of 3.
• Steps of 5. Each answer is 5 more than the one above it. So if 5 × 7 slips your mind, take 5 × 6 = 30 and add 5 to get 35.
• Total of the first ten. Add the first ten answers and you get 275. That is 55 × 5, because 1 + 2 + 3 and so on up to 10 is 55.

How the table of 5 is built

5 is a prime number: no smaller table contains it, apart from the table of 1. So 5 × 1 = 5 is the first time 5 shows up anywhere on a multiplication chart, and its table cannot be made by doubling or tripling a smaller one. The square of 5 is 5 × 5 = 25. On a multiplication chart the squares lie on the diagonal line from top left to bottom right.

How much is really new? Because 5 × 3 is the same as 3 × 5, a child who already knows the tables below 5 has met most of this one. Up to × 10, only 6 facts are new: 5 × 5, 5 × 6, 5 × 7, 5 × 8, 5 × 9 and 5 × 10.

Where you meet 5

The fingers of one hand, and the clock: each number on a clock face is worth 5 minutes, so when the minute hand points at 7 it is 5 × 7 = 35 minutes past. Counting 5 rupee coins uses the same table.

Division facts from this table

Every line gives a division fact for free. From 5 × 7 = 35 you know that 35 ÷ 5 = 7 and 35 ÷ 7 = 5. To divide a number by 5, look for it in the answers above: 45 is on line 9, so 45 ÷ 5 = 9. More on this in division from tables.

Try these

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Next

All tables: 1 to 10, 11 to 20, 21 to 30. Methods: table tricks.