Marks and GradesSums that are the same everywhere, rules that are not
Working out a percentage is simple arithmetic, the same in every school in the world. The rules around it are not the same. One university multiplies a CGPA by 10 to get a percentage, another subtracts 0.75 first, and a school board uses 9.5. One board passes a student at 33%, another at 35%. One prints no overall percentage at all. Most mistakes on admission and job forms come from applying the right arithmetic to the wrong rule.
So this site keeps the two apart. The calculators do the arithmetic and show the working. The guides state each rule in the words of the body that made it, name the document, and give the date we read it. Where we have not read a body's document, we do not guess its rule.
Rules quoted on this site
| Body | Rule | Read more |
|---|---|---|
| CBSE | Pass marks 33% in each subject; no overall aggregate or division; CGPA certificates: indicative percentage = 9.5 × CGPA | Pass marks and grades, the 9.5 rule |
| CISCE | Pass marks 33% for ICSE and 35% for ISC; five subjects including English; grades 1 to 9 | ICSE and ISC |
| UGC | 10-point letter grades; SGPA and CGPA weighted by credits | SGPA and CGPA, grade scale |
| VTU | Percentage = (CGPA − 0.75) × 10; First Class from 60% | VTU |
| Anna University | Percentage = CGPA × 10; First Class from CGPA 6.50 | Anna University |
Start with a guide
- How to calculate the percentage of marks
- CGPA to percentage: there is no single formula
- CBSE CGPA and the 9.5 rule
- CBSE pass marks, grades and compartment
- ICSE and ISC: pass marks and grades
- SGPA and CGPA: how they are calculated
Questions people ask
Is there one formula to convert CGPA to percentage?
No. Each board and university sets its own. CBSE's class 10 rule is 9.5 × CGPA, VTU's is (CGPA − 0.75) × 10 and Anna University's is CGPA × 10.
Does CBSE give an overall percentage?
No. The CBSE bye-laws say no overall division, distinction or aggregate shall be awarded. A percentage is calculated from the subject marks by whoever needs it.
What are the pass marks?
33% in each subject for CBSE and for ICSE, and 35% for ISC, according to the CBSE bye-laws and the CISCE regulations for 2028.
Do the calculators store my marks?
Entries stay in your own browser. Nothing is sent to us.
Check with your board or university. The rules quoted on this site were read in the official documents on 12 November 2026. Boards and universities revise them, and yours may differ. For anything that decides an admission or a job, use the rule printed on your own mark sheet or in your institution's regulations. This is an independent site.